One of the questions which has persistently dogged the Armstrong Churches of God regarding their insistence that Christians are obligated to observe the tenets of the Torah relates to their failure to provide a rationale for the acceptance of some provisions and the rejection of others. In other words, how do they justify cherry-picking amongst the various laws outlined in the Torah? How do they get around the principle laid out in the Epistle of James? "For the person who keeps all of the laws except one is as guilty as a person who has broken all of God’s laws." (James 2:10) After all, Jewish tradition dictates that the Torah contains 613 separate commandments! Hence, if virtually EVERYONE believes that some of those commandments are no longer applicable or currently valid, how do we determine which ones are still in effect?
Unfortunately, most of the ACOG's have simply chosen to ignore these questions. Most of them stick to generalizations and have NEVER offered ANY rationale for discerning which provisions of the Torah are still binding! Of course, it is completely understandable why these legalists wouldn't want to be pinned down about the mechanics of picking and choosing among these laws - it is virtually impossible to arrive at a rational formula for doing so! In other words, any such formula would be vulnerable to the kind of scrutiny which would almost certainly lead to attacks and criticisms from those who deny that Christians are obligated to observe these laws! In brief, the absence of a formula or rationale makes a smaller target for critics! To their credit, the Church of God International has made an attempt to do what most of their brethren in the other ACOGs have failed to do - they have provided a rationale of sorts for their approach to cherry-picking the Torah.
CGI's Systematic Theology Project has an extensive section devoted to
Which OT Laws Apply? In that document, we read: "Some laws in the Old Testament clearly encompass broad principles while others are quite specific, minute regulations. The biblical text does not itself always clearly distinguish between the more important and the less important. That is why one finds many admonitions to meditate on the law (e.g. Ps. 119:97, 99). Thus, even though these were all laws originating with God, some are more permanent and spiritual in nature than are others. (For example, the whole sacrificial system of the tabernacle and temple were important—even vital—for a certain period of time, but the New Testament shows these regulations are not for all men at all times. They served a specific function for a certain time and in a particular place while always symbolically pointing to deeper spiritual truths.)" So, we see that they are claiming that some laws are 1) more important than others, and 2) more permanent and spiritual than others.
These "principles" lead them to divide Torah commandments into four general "categories" of law: 1) Those that address "broad spiritual principles," 2) those that involve "civil regulations" for Israel, 3) those that are concerned with "cleanliness and ritual purity," and 4) those which relate to the "sacrificial system." Of course, we must point out that these various "categories" of laws are NOT found in Scripture. Instead, they are how the scholars who wrote CGI's STP have chosen to characterize those laws! In other words, while these distinctions may make sense to some of us, they are entirely arbitrary in nature. For instance, the Twelfth Century Jewish scholar Maimonides believed that the Torah contained laws related to the welfare of the body and soul - a kind of purpose driven, physical and spiritual approach to characterizing the various laws of the Torah as a comprehensive whole (see The Jewish Virtual Library's article:
The Written Law - Torah).
In a further attempt to justify and explain their approach to categorizing the laws of the Torah, CGI's STP goes on to state: "One can use the analogy of a modern free country to better understand the various levels of Old Testament law. All instructions were part of that law. None were to be slighted or ignored. The breaking of any law brought some sort of penalty on the violator, though the penalties varied in severity. The same is true with the laws within, for example, the United States. The Constitution says nothing about speed limits, property taxes, zoning, or sexual conduct. Rather, laws are broadly laid out and worded to serve as an overall guide for all generations. All other laws—whether national, regional or local—must conform to the principles laid down in the Constitution. These laws themselves vary in importance. Some cover only a certain state or region or city. They may need to be changed according to the time and circumstances. In addition, a certain body of common law has grown up through individual court decisions (cf. the 'judgments' of the Old Testament)." Even so, after dividing the law into "categories," we see that they went on to acknowledge the comprehensive nature of the law - that "none were to be slighted or ignored." Hence, it would appear that CGI is attempting to have it both ways: because, in the very same paragraph, they relate again that some laws "vary in importance" and "may need to be changed according to the time and circumstances."
Continuing in the STP, we read: "Category no. 1 might correspond to a national constitution—such as that of the United States—and cover all men at all times. Category no. 2 might be analogous to national laws passed by national legislators. That is, they may incorporate regulations which have permanent value for various human societies. On the other hand, some regulations, may be culturally bound and require modification or replacement to remain relevant in a changing society. For example, the laws of inheritance were very important for ancient Israel but are less useful today. The seventh-year land sabbath could be applied in a nation under God’s government but is difficult for all Christians everywhere to apply in today’s society. Another example is the law requiring that a fence or railing be put on roofs (Deut. 22:8). This makes sense in ancient Israel where the flat rooftop was part of the living space of the house, and there was a danger of children or adults falling off of the roof. Applying this 'rooftop fence' rule in the United States and Canada (where most homes have peaked roofs to allow the rain and snow to fall off) makes no sense today; however, a fence around a swimming pool, pond, or garden makes perfect sense. The scriptural principle is to watch out for the health and well-being of your family and neighbors. The principle of God’s law is intact, even when the circumstances (different geography, building practices, etc.) have changed. Thus, the specific law sometimes does not fit the changed situation brought about by the vicissitudes of time and circumstance." After equating their categories to various features of U.S. law, they imply that some laws may not have "permanent value" for a society and may "require modification or replacement" at some point. Next, they offer a few examples of Torah laws that were specific to ancient Israel and do NOT apply to our current circumstances. Hence, we see an admission on CGI's part that at least some of these laws cannot be applied to current circumstances or modern humans!
Once again, it is glaringly apparent that CGI is trying to have it both ways. In order to claim that SOME of these laws apply to Christians, they are forced to admit that some of them CANNOT be made to apply to us! The cognitive dissonance implicit in their position is underscored by a later statement: "To say a law is of lesser value or more narrow in application than another is not to say it is of no concern or it can be ignored. The same applies to the detailed laws of the Old Testament." With this vacillating back and forth, they seem to understand the problems inherent with their attempt to formulate a rationale for discarding some components of the law while retaining others. Indeed, I would say that it is IMPOSSIBLE to construct a logical justification for cherry-picking among the various commandments of the Torah - and, also, completely UNNECESSARY!
Jesus Christ FULFILLED the Torah for us - in its entirety! He then went on to distill the Torah into two great principles for his followers: Love for God and love for each other. Moreover, he and his apostles went on to say that the very best way for us to demonstrate our love for God was to devote our energy to loving each other! Indeed, Christ said that this would be the very thing that would identify his TRUE followers to the rest of the world. Moreover, this NEW Covenant obligation for Christians to obey the Law of Love had NOTHING to do with whether or not they would receive salvation - that was something that Christ had already provided for them. Instead, obedience to this distillation of the Torah would demonstrate that the Christian had indeed accepted Christ as his/her Savior and had received the gift of God's Holy Spirit. In other words, it is completely contrary to the work and message of Jesus Christ to try to impose the provisions of the Old Covenant on those of us who are supposed to be part of the New Covenant through Jesus Christ! There is absolutely NO NEED to parse and cherry-pick the Torah - It is an exercise in FUTILITY!!!